# Year 4 English Lesson Plan: Grammar (Complex Sentences, Punctuation)
## Grade Level: Year 4
## Subject: English
## Duration: 60 minutes
## Topic: Grammar (Complex Sentences, Punctuation)
### Objectives:
1. Students will understand the structure and components of complex sentences.
2. Students will be able to identify and use subordinating conjunctions to create complex sentences.
3. Students will correctly punctuate complex sentences.
### Materials:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Handouts with examples of complex sentences
- Worksheets for in-class practice
- Writing journals or notebooks
- Pencils and erasers
- Sentence strips for group activity
### Introduction (10 minutes)
1. **Greeting and Objective Overview** (2 minutes)
- Welcome students and briefly explain the objectives of the lesson.
- "Today, we will be learning about complex sentences and how to use punctuation correctly to make our writing more interesting!"
2. **Review of Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences** (8 minutes)
- Ask students to recall what they know about simple and compound sentences.
- Write examples on the whiteboard:
- Simple sentence: "The cat sat on the mat."
- Compound sentence: "The cat sat on the mat, and the dog lay on the rug."
- Explain the difference briefly.
### Direct Instruction (15 minutes)
1. **Introduction to Complex Sentences** (5 minutes)
- Define complex sentences:
- "A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connected by a subordinating conjunction."
- Write an example on the board: "When the rain stopped, we went outside to play."
- Identify the independent clause and dependent clause in the example.
2. **Teaching Subordinating Conjunctions** (5 minutes)
- Provide a list of common subordinating conjunctions: because, although, since, if, when, while, after, before, unless, etc.
- Write a few examples on the board using different subordinating conjunctions.
3. **Punctuation in Complex Sentences** (5 minutes)
- Explain the punctuation rules for complex sentences:
- If the dependent clause comes first, use a comma: "Because it was raining, we stayed inside."
- If the independent clause comes first, no comma is needed: "We stayed inside because it was raining."
- Write a few examples and ask students to identify where the comma should go.
### Guided Practice (15 minutes)
1. **Group Activity** (10 minutes)
- Divide students into small groups.
- Provide sentence strips with independent clauses and dependent clauses.
- Ask each group to match independent clauses with appropriate dependent clauses to form complex sentences, then punctuate them correctly.
- Groups share their sentences with the class.
2. **Worksheet Practice** (5 minutes)
- Distribute worksheets where students need to combine given independent and dependent clauses using subordinating conjunctions and punctuate them correctly.
- Walk around the room to assist and check for understanding.
### Independent Practice (10 minutes)
- Ask students to write five complex sentences in their writing journals using different subordinating conjunctions and correct punctuation.
- Remind them to think about which part of the sentence should have the comma.
- Provide support and feedback as students write.
### Closure and Assessment (10 minutes)
1. **Review and Recap** (5 minutes)
- Discuss as a class what they learned about complex sentences and punctuation.
- Ask a few students to read their sentences aloud and highlight good examples.
2. **Exit Ticket** (5 minutes)
- Hand out exit tickets with a few simple and compound sentences that students must turn into complex sentences, punctuating them correctly.
- Collect the exit tickets to assess understanding.
### Assessment:
- Observation during group activity and independent practice.
- Review of worksheets and writing journal entries.
- Evaluation of exit tickets for correct complex sentence structure and punctuation.
### Homework:
- Ask students to write a short paragraph (5-7 sentences) that includes at least two complex sentences. They should underline the subordinating conjunctions and the dependent clauses.
### Differentiation:
- Provide extra scaffolding (sentence starters, word banks) for students who need additional support.
- Challenge advanced students to write a longer paragraph or include more than two complex sentences in their homework.
### Reflection:
- After the lesson, reflect on its effectiveness:
- Did students meet the objectives?
- Were there any aspects that students struggled with?
- How can the lesson be improved for future teaching?
By the end of this lesson, students should have a solid understanding of how to construct complex sentences and use punctuation correctly, enhancing their overall writing skills.